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Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources • Oklahoma State University EPP-7082 Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Fact Sheets are also available on our website at: http://osufacts.okstate.edu Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service Tanya C. Franke Research Associate Kathleen D. Kelsey, Ph.D. Professor Tom A. Royer, Ph.D. Professor & IPM Coordinator Acknowledgement Funding for this guide was made available by the Oklahoma State University IPM Program. Grain sorghum represents a significant row crop for Oklahoma growers. Grain sorghum (milo) is grown predominantly in north-central Oklahoma and the Oklahoma Panhandle. Acreage devoted to sorghum production has slightly declined during the past 10 years, averaging 462,000 acres planted from 1996 through 2000 to 354,000 acres planted from 2001 through 2005. Yields have remained steady averaging 46.8 bushels per acre from 1996 through 2005 (NASS, 2006). In 2006, producers harvested 270,000 acres of grain sorghum (NASS, 2008), which produced an average yield of 34 bushels per acre. The top five counties for grain sorghum production included Texas, Cimarron, Garfield, Alfalfa, and Kay (NASS 2008). A self-administered mailed survey (Dillman, 2007) was developed by T. Franke and K. Kelsey in consultation with OCES faculty who had expertise in entomology, plant pathology, and plant and soil sciences. The objective of this survey was to identify pest management needs of Oklahoma grain sorghum producers to guide Oklahoma State University’s research and Extension programs in addressing their most critical needs. The survey asked Oklahoma grain sorghum producers to provide information about their production management practices in regard to soil fertility, insects, and weeds. The population for the study consisted of 850 Oklahoma grain sorghum producers in 2006 and the sample consisted of a randomly stratified sample (n = 265). Eighty-nine (89) of the 265 surveys were returned (34 percent response rate). The 89 respondents planted 29,432 acres of grain sorghum in 2006 (average of 330 acres per producer), representing about 11 percent of the total grain sorghum grown. It should be noted that 2006 was a severe drought year, following several drought years, which may have affected the responses to the survey. Findings The issues identified by respondents that were of greatest concern with growing grain sorghum are listed in Table 1. Pest Management Needs Assessment for Oklahoma Grain Sorghum Producers Table 1. Top concerns with grain sorghum production identified by Oklahoma survey-respondents.* High Moderate Low No Issue Concern Concern Concern Concern Weeds 65.6% 27.8% 5.6% 1.1% Soil fertility 54.3% 40.2% 4.3% 1.1% Harvest 49.4% 34.5% 12.6% 3.4% Insects 38.5% 36.3% 24.2% 1.1% Diseases 31.8% 31.8% 34.1% 2.3% Bird damage 28.2% 34.1% 22.4% 15.3% *Other concerns noted by producers (1 each) included: feed, yield (marked high concern), dry weather, discrimination vs. corn on feed value - discount price, and hog damage (marked low concern). Weeds Respondents (65.6 percent) identified weeds as the top issue with growing grain sorghum. They listed pigweed (f = 54) as the most frequent weed problem, followed by field bindweed (f = 34) as their top two weed problems (Table 2). Table 3 notes the herbicides used by respondents to treat weed problems in grain sorghum during 2006. Table 2. Weeds encountered in grain sorghum by Oklahoma survey respondents. Weeds Frequency (f) Pigweeds 54 Field bindweed 34 Large crabgrass 28 Johnsongrass 28 Field sandbur 23 Common cocklebur 17 Barnyardgrass 13 Yellow foxtail 5 Shattercane 3 Musk-Canadian Thistle, Clammy groundcherry, Walls Panicum, Green Foxtail, Panicum spp., Marestail, Purslane, Other 1 each
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Title | EPP-7082web 1 |
Full text | Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources • Oklahoma State University EPP-7082 Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Fact Sheets are also available on our website at: http://osufacts.okstate.edu Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service Tanya C. Franke Research Associate Kathleen D. Kelsey, Ph.D. Professor Tom A. Royer, Ph.D. Professor & IPM Coordinator Acknowledgement Funding for this guide was made available by the Oklahoma State University IPM Program. Grain sorghum represents a significant row crop for Oklahoma growers. Grain sorghum (milo) is grown predominantly in north-central Oklahoma and the Oklahoma Panhandle. Acreage devoted to sorghum production has slightly declined during the past 10 years, averaging 462,000 acres planted from 1996 through 2000 to 354,000 acres planted from 2001 through 2005. Yields have remained steady averaging 46.8 bushels per acre from 1996 through 2005 (NASS, 2006). In 2006, producers harvested 270,000 acres of grain sorghum (NASS, 2008), which produced an average yield of 34 bushels per acre. The top five counties for grain sorghum production included Texas, Cimarron, Garfield, Alfalfa, and Kay (NASS 2008). A self-administered mailed survey (Dillman, 2007) was developed by T. Franke and K. Kelsey in consultation with OCES faculty who had expertise in entomology, plant pathology, and plant and soil sciences. The objective of this survey was to identify pest management needs of Oklahoma grain sorghum producers to guide Oklahoma State University’s research and Extension programs in addressing their most critical needs. The survey asked Oklahoma grain sorghum producers to provide information about their production management practices in regard to soil fertility, insects, and weeds. The population for the study consisted of 850 Oklahoma grain sorghum producers in 2006 and the sample consisted of a randomly stratified sample (n = 265). Eighty-nine (89) of the 265 surveys were returned (34 percent response rate). The 89 respondents planted 29,432 acres of grain sorghum in 2006 (average of 330 acres per producer), representing about 11 percent of the total grain sorghum grown. It should be noted that 2006 was a severe drought year, following several drought years, which may have affected the responses to the survey. Findings The issues identified by respondents that were of greatest concern with growing grain sorghum are listed in Table 1. Pest Management Needs Assessment for Oklahoma Grain Sorghum Producers Table 1. Top concerns with grain sorghum production identified by Oklahoma survey-respondents.* High Moderate Low No Issue Concern Concern Concern Concern Weeds 65.6% 27.8% 5.6% 1.1% Soil fertility 54.3% 40.2% 4.3% 1.1% Harvest 49.4% 34.5% 12.6% 3.4% Insects 38.5% 36.3% 24.2% 1.1% Diseases 31.8% 31.8% 34.1% 2.3% Bird damage 28.2% 34.1% 22.4% 15.3% *Other concerns noted by producers (1 each) included: feed, yield (marked high concern), dry weather, discrimination vs. corn on feed value - discount price, and hog damage (marked low concern). Weeds Respondents (65.6 percent) identified weeds as the top issue with growing grain sorghum. They listed pigweed (f = 54) as the most frequent weed problem, followed by field bindweed (f = 34) as their top two weed problems (Table 2). Table 3 notes the herbicides used by respondents to treat weed problems in grain sorghum during 2006. Table 2. Weeds encountered in grain sorghum by Oklahoma survey respondents. Weeds Frequency (f) Pigweeds 54 Field bindweed 34 Large crabgrass 28 Johnsongrass 28 Field sandbur 23 Common cocklebur 17 Barnyardgrass 13 Yellow foxtail 5 Shattercane 3 Musk-Canadian Thistle, Clammy groundcherry, Walls Panicum, Green Foxtail, Panicum spp., Marestail, Purslane, Other 1 each |
Date created | 2013-08-20 |
Date modified | 2013-08-20 |