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Information Series #4, June 1998 INDUSTRIAL-MINERAL RESOURCES OF OKLAHOMAl Kenneth S. Johnson2 INTRODUCTION Industrial minerals (which are the nonfuel, nonmetallic minerals that have potential for economic use) are widely distributed in Oklahoma (Fig. 1), and many of them are being mined for local, regional, and national markets. Numerous and varied industrial-mineral industries are active in 69 of Oklahoma's 77 counties. Although such activity is widespread in the State, some of the most important regions are the Wichita, Arbuckle, and Ouachita Mountain uplifts in the south, and the Ozark uplift in the northeast (Fig. 2); it is in these areas where some of the State's unique rock and mineral deposits have been uplifted and are now exposed at the land surface. Crushed-stone and building-stone resources include limestone, dolomite, granite, and rhyolite; other major construction resources are cement (made from limestone and shale) and the extensive sand and gravel deposits along modern and ancient riverways. Glass sand (a high-purity silica sand) is used for glass making, foundry sands, ceramics, and abrasives. Enormous resources of gypsum in the western part of the State are mined for wallboard, for plaster, as retarder in portland cement, and as soil conditioner. Thick layers of rock salt underlie most of western Oklahoma, and natural springs emit high-salinity brine to the several salt plains. Oklahoma iodine, produced from deep brines in the northwest, is the Nation's sole domestic supply. Other important industrial minerals in Oklahoma include clays and shales (to make brick and tile), and tripoli and volcanic ash (abrasive and/or absorbent materials). Gem-stone production includes fresh-water mussel shells and fresh-water pearls. The total estimated value of industrial-mineral production in Oklahoma during 1997 was $411 million (Table 1), and the State ranked 34th in the Nation. Lead-ing nonfuel commodities during 1997 were crushed stone ($134 million), portland and masonry cement ($131 million), sand and gravel ($33 million), glass sand ($27 million), iodine ($24 million), and gypsum ($18 million) (Table 1). This report, modified from Johnson (1993), is a description of the State's industrial minerals, arranged alphabetically. Many of the data are based upon reports by Johnson (1969a, 1977), Morris (1982), and the Oklahoma Department of Mines (1991); the reader is referred to these reports, as well as other reports that are referenced separately for several of the commodities. The many companies that mine Oklahoma's mineral resources are listed in a "Directory of Oklahoma Mining Industry" (Arndt and Springer, 1993), and maps from that report are reproduced here (Figs. 3-6) to show the number of current mining operations for specified commodities in each county. ASPHALT Asphalt is an oil-based commodity, but, because it has been used mainly as a road-surfacing and tar material in Oklahoma, it is herein considered as a nonfuel-mineral resource. Asphalt forms where crude oil migrates upward near the land surface: the lighter hydrocarbons evaporate, leaving a thicker, heavy residue that impregnates the rocks as rock asphalt, or that fills voids as a tar-like substance called asphaltite. The major sources of rock asphalt and asphaltite are in sedimentary rocks in and around the Arbuckle and Ouachita Mountains of southern Oklahoma (Jordan, 1964). Additional smaller deposits occur in sedimentary rocks surrounding the Wichita Mountains and in northeast Oklahoma. From the State's large resources, about 3 million tons of asphalt were produced between 1891 and 1960, chiefly from asphaltic sandstones and limestones IJohnson, K. 5., 1993, Industrial-mineral resources of Oklahoma, in Johnson, K. S. (ed.), Industrial-minerals development in Oklahoma-a symposium: Oklahoma Geological Survey Special Publication 93-2, p. 1-10. 2Associate Director, Oklahoma Geological Survey. I
Object Description
Okla State Agency |
Geological Survey, Oklahoma |
Okla Agency Code | 'GEO' |
Title | Industrial-mineral resources of Oklahoma |
Authors | Johnson, Kenneth Sutherland, 1934- |
Publisher | Oklahoma Geological Survey |
Publication Date | 1998-06 |
Publication type |
Fact Sheet |
Subject |
Mineral industries--Oklahoma. |
Purpose | Industrial minerals (which are the nonfuel, nonmetallic minerals that have potential for economic use) are widely distributed in Oklahoma, and many of them are being mined for local, regional, and national markets. Numerous and varied industrial-mineral industries are active in 69 of Oklahoma's 77 counties. |
Series | Information series (Oklahoma Geological Survey) ; no.4 |
OkDocs Class# | G500.7 I43s no.4 1998 |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/InfSeries/infseries4.pdf |
Rights and Permissions | This Oklahoma state government publication is provided for educational purposes under U.S. copyright law. Other usage requires permission of copyright holders. |
Language | English |
Date created | 2015-11-09 |
Date modified | 2015-11-09 |
OCLC number | 890219334 |
Description
Title | infseries4 ocr 1 |
Full text | Information Series #4, June 1998 INDUSTRIAL-MINERAL RESOURCES OF OKLAHOMAl Kenneth S. Johnson2 INTRODUCTION Industrial minerals (which are the nonfuel, nonmetallic minerals that have potential for economic use) are widely distributed in Oklahoma (Fig. 1), and many of them are being mined for local, regional, and national markets. Numerous and varied industrial-mineral industries are active in 69 of Oklahoma's 77 counties. Although such activity is widespread in the State, some of the most important regions are the Wichita, Arbuckle, and Ouachita Mountain uplifts in the south, and the Ozark uplift in the northeast (Fig. 2); it is in these areas where some of the State's unique rock and mineral deposits have been uplifted and are now exposed at the land surface. Crushed-stone and building-stone resources include limestone, dolomite, granite, and rhyolite; other major construction resources are cement (made from limestone and shale) and the extensive sand and gravel deposits along modern and ancient riverways. Glass sand (a high-purity silica sand) is used for glass making, foundry sands, ceramics, and abrasives. Enormous resources of gypsum in the western part of the State are mined for wallboard, for plaster, as retarder in portland cement, and as soil conditioner. Thick layers of rock salt underlie most of western Oklahoma, and natural springs emit high-salinity brine to the several salt plains. Oklahoma iodine, produced from deep brines in the northwest, is the Nation's sole domestic supply. Other important industrial minerals in Oklahoma include clays and shales (to make brick and tile), and tripoli and volcanic ash (abrasive and/or absorbent materials). Gem-stone production includes fresh-water mussel shells and fresh-water pearls. The total estimated value of industrial-mineral production in Oklahoma during 1997 was $411 million (Table 1), and the State ranked 34th in the Nation. Lead-ing nonfuel commodities during 1997 were crushed stone ($134 million), portland and masonry cement ($131 million), sand and gravel ($33 million), glass sand ($27 million), iodine ($24 million), and gypsum ($18 million) (Table 1). This report, modified from Johnson (1993), is a description of the State's industrial minerals, arranged alphabetically. Many of the data are based upon reports by Johnson (1969a, 1977), Morris (1982), and the Oklahoma Department of Mines (1991); the reader is referred to these reports, as well as other reports that are referenced separately for several of the commodities. The many companies that mine Oklahoma's mineral resources are listed in a "Directory of Oklahoma Mining Industry" (Arndt and Springer, 1993), and maps from that report are reproduced here (Figs. 3-6) to show the number of current mining operations for specified commodities in each county. ASPHALT Asphalt is an oil-based commodity, but, because it has been used mainly as a road-surfacing and tar material in Oklahoma, it is herein considered as a nonfuel-mineral resource. Asphalt forms where crude oil migrates upward near the land surface: the lighter hydrocarbons evaporate, leaving a thicker, heavy residue that impregnates the rocks as rock asphalt, or that fills voids as a tar-like substance called asphaltite. The major sources of rock asphalt and asphaltite are in sedimentary rocks in and around the Arbuckle and Ouachita Mountains of southern Oklahoma (Jordan, 1964). Additional smaller deposits occur in sedimentary rocks surrounding the Wichita Mountains and in northeast Oklahoma. From the State's large resources, about 3 million tons of asphalt were produced between 1891 and 1960, chiefly from asphaltic sandstones and limestones IJohnson, K. 5., 1993, Industrial-mineral resources of Oklahoma, in Johnson, K. S. (ed.), Industrial-minerals development in Oklahoma-a symposium: Oklahoma Geological Survey Special Publication 93-2, p. 1-10. 2Associate Director, Oklahoma Geological Survey. I |
Date created | 2012-06-26 |
Date modified | 2012-06-26 |