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KONAWA LAKE 5 YEAR LAKE MANAGEMENT PLAN OKLAHOMA DEPTMENT OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION FISHERIES DIVISION CENTRAL REGION PREPARED BY: DANNY BOWEN JUNE 1, 2010 Background Konawa Lake impounds Jumper Creek 2 miles east of the city Konawa in Seminole County, Oklahoma (Figure l). It covers 1350 surface acres. Construction began in 1968 and was completed in 1970. The lake is owned by Oklahoma Gas and Electric Company. This lake serves as the cooling water source for a gas-fired power generation station; therefore water temperatures are higher year-round than in most other lakes in the state. The station has three natural gas powered steam-turbine generators and a gas turbine generator producing approximately 1,534 megawatts at peak output capacity. The station circulates 1,000,000 gallons of lake water per minute through its’ cooling condensers when the three main generators are on-line. Konawa Lake has a mean depth of 17 feet and a maximum depth of 49.8 feet, a shoreline development ratio of 3.5, and a secchi disc visibility of around 37.4 inches in the main pool in August. Turbidity is from plankton. The lake has a shoreline length of 20 miles and a storage capacity of 23,000 acre-feet. It has large stretches of shoreline covered by cattails while most of the remainder is eroded clay banks. Ten fish attractor sites consisting of artificial habitat structures made from polyethylene pipe called “spider blocks” have been installed by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation (ODWC) recently. Normal pool elevation is 924 feet MSL (above Mean Sea Level). Lake levels are maintained by pumping water from the nearby South Canadian River into settling ponds on the south side of the lake which are then allowed to gravity flow into the lake. Fish habitat consists primarily of aquatic vegetation. The dam is located at latitude N 340 57’ 42” and longitude W 960 42’ 6”. The trophic state of the reservoir measured by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board (OWRB) using Carlson’s Trophic State Index (TSI, chlorophyll-a) averaged 53 in 2005 indicating high levels of primary productivity and nutrients. The OWRB also found the lake to be weakly stratified thermally during the late spring and summer months but was still considered supporting the Fish and Wildlife Propagation (FWP) use for dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. Salinity and specific conductivity levels (0.66-0.74 parts per thousand and 1234-1428 microsiemens per cubic centimeter, respectively) were both above the normal ranges found in Oklahoma lakes. With pH levels ranging from 7.29-8.7 the lake was found to be neutral to slightly alkaline. The OWRB also found the lake’s water clarity to be good to excellent compared to other Oklahoma reservoirs. Wind direction is primarily from the south to southeast with an average annual speed of 7.1 mph. Maximum gusts recorded in Seminole county were 55.8 mph and maximum sustained winds were recorded at 35.5 mph. The winds and a fairly exposed shoreline contribute to the eroded clay banks found around the lake. A major change in the lake began in the late 1980’s when power generation at the plant during the winter was reduced, leading to lower winter water temperatures which had a major impact on the threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) and tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) populations. The reduced survival of these prey species has had considerable impact on the predator fish populations. Tilapia have not been collected in several years. History of fishery Major sport fish species present in Konawa Lake include largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), white bass (Morone chrysops), striped bass x white bass hybrids (M. saxatilis x M. chrysops) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). For many years, the largemouth bass fishery in the lake has been characterized by high abundance of all size-classes (Table 2). Konawa Lake regularly ranks at or near the top for spring electrofishing catch rate among lakes over 1,000 acres surveyed by the ODWC. In the last 10 years, catch per hour (C/f) has declined from 228.9 in 2001 to 131.6 in 2006 but has been more stable the last few years (Table 2, Figure 2). Florida strain largemouth bass have been stocked in the lake since 1973 (Table 1). The most recent electrophoresis results (2006) indicated 74% of the bass sampled during spring electrofishing were pure Florida strain largemouth bass. It appears that the population has become totally integrated as no pure northern strain bass have been collected in recent samples. Konawa Lake has been managed as a trophy bass fishery since January 1, 1994. At that time a 14-inch minimum length limit was changed to a 16-22 inch slot length limit and 6 bass per day creel limit of which only one bass could be over 22 inches. This regulation was modified on January 1, 2003 to 6 bass per day with no length limit except only one can be 22 inches or longer due to stockpiling of bass 12 to 16 inches long and variable catch rates of trophy-size bass. Largemouth Bass Virus (LMBV) was found in the lake in 2001 and unconfirmed reports of bass dying were received from the public. There was a marked drop in the catch rate of trophy bass following the disease outbreak. It has taken several years for it to recover to pre-LMBV levels (Table 2). White bass catch rates in gill netting at Konawa Lake have varied in recent years (Table 3). Catch per net set has ranged from a low of 4.3 (2002) to a high of 17.8 (2006) over the last ten years. The catch per net set for quality-size white bass (>12 inches) has also been variable during the same time period but overall has been above the minimum desired level (Table 3, Figure 3). Striped bass x white bass hybrids were first stocked in the lake in 1979 and were stocked annually from 1988 through 2007 (Table 1). Over the last ten years, catch per net set has varied from 2.4 in 2004 to 13.2 in 2000 and was 12.0 in the 2008 gillnet survey (Table 4). The catch per net set for hybrids greater than 20 inches in length has remained at or above the minimum acceptable catch rate for a quality fishery (0.48/net set; Table 4). Growth is good the first two years of life, and then slows down when hybrids reach the size where they’re competing with the stockpiled largemouth bass population. Growth improves again when they exceed the 17 to 20 inch size range (Table 5). A creel limit of 20 striped bass, striped bass x white bass hybrids, and/or white bass per day of which only 5 may be >20 inches in length is in effect to prevent over-harvest. The hybrid fishery is good overall and the catch rate for trophy-size hybrids has been steadily improving since 2004 (Figure 4). Channel catfish catch rates in gill netting at Konawa Lake continue to be high for all size classes (Table 6, Figure 5). The catch per net set for quality-size individuals (>16 inches) in 2008 gill netting (8.16/ net set) was more than six times the minimum acceptable rate for a quality fishery (>1.2/net set; Table 5). Flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) are present in the lake at very low population levels. Very few have been collected in gill netting (Table 7, Figure 6). Crappie (Pomoxis spp.) had virtually disappeared from this lake in past years, probably due to elevated water temperatures. However, a few have been collected in recent surveys perhaps because of lower water temperatures due to a decrease in power generation (Table 8, Figure 7). The abundance of threadfin shad in the lake has decreased since the 1980’s due to lower winter water temperatures from reduced wintertime power generation. This has impacted all the predatory fish species in the lake. During the 1970’s and 1980’s the threadfin were so abundant that the ODWC used Konawa Lake as a source for threadfin shad brooders to stock in other waters of the state. Due to the reduction in threadfin shad abundance and the fact that LMBV was found in the lake, Konawa Lake is no longer used for this purpose. It is not known if LMBV can be carried by threadfin shad or can be transported in hauling water, but the risks outweighed the benefits and the transport of Konawa threadfin shad to other reservoirs was discontinued. Threats to fishery • Aquatic Nuisance Species (ANS) – Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussels (Dreissena rostiformis bugensis) can be transported on boats and trailers moving from infested waters. Konawa is a popular winter time fishery due to warmer water temperatures from power generation and an abundant bass population. Anglers from around the state traveling to the lake pose a significant risk of transporting these organisms unless precautions are taken. Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) also represent potential problems as water levels in the lake are maintained by water pumped in from the nearby South Canadian river. Grass carp have been found in Eufaula Lake, approximately 83 miles downstream. Tilapia were a problem in the lake during the 1980’s but have not been collected during subsequent sampling. Golden algae (Prymnesium parvum) is another threat that has caused large fish kills in Lake Texoma and several reservoirs in Texas. It has been found in the South Canadian river downstream of Lake Meredith in the Texas panhandle. Konawa Lake’s water conditions are very similar to lakes that have had outbreaks. Eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) is found in the lake but has not become a nuisance, being outcompeted in most areas by native species. However, hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) has been found in nearby Arbuckle Lake, and is considered a very real threat to Konawa Lake through boat and/or trailer introduction from anglers who fish weekly jackpot tournaments at both lakes. • Economics – The high productivity of Konawa Lake is due in large part to the use of its water to cool the Seminole Power Plant. Economic factors that might cause a shutdown or scaling back of electric generation at this facility, like high wintertime natural gas costs, will have serious impacts on the fishery, particularly as it affects the threadfin shad which are the main food base for the lake’s predator fish populations. Management Objectives Sampling goals by species • Largemouth bass – Maintain the catch rate for largemouth bass at or above 130/hr with a catch rate of bass >21 inches exceeding 3/hr. • Conduct spring electrofishing surveys at least bi-annually to monitor progress. Collect age and growth data and evaluate Florida largemouth bass stocking success by collecting fish periodically for genetic analysis. • White bass - Continue periodic monitoring of the white bass population with gillnetting surveys and collect age and growth data. • Striped bass x white bass hybrids – Maintain a reduced total catch rate of 2.0/gillnet set and conduct netting surveys every 2-3 years to monitor stocking success and to collect age and growth information. Adjust stocking frequency and/or rate if necessary to maintain satisfactory predator growth rates. • Channel catfish - Maintain a catch rate of 4.8/net set of gill netting and conduct gillnetting surveys every 3-5 years to monitor population status. Strategies to achieve sampling goals 1. Stockings • Continue alternate or every third year stockings of Florida-strain largemouth bass to maintain a high percentage of pure Florida largemouth bass in the bass population. • Reduce stockings of striped bass x white bass hybrids to every three to four years to reduce competitive interactions with largemouth bass and improve growth rates for both hybrids and largemouth. 2. Surveys • Monitor the largemouth bass population with bi-annual electrofishing surveys collecting samples for genetic evaluation and age and growth data. • Monitor the striped bass x white bass hybrid population with periodic gill netting and collect age and growth information. • Conduct shad gill netting to evaluate the forage base in the lake and its effects on the predator fish populations. 3. Habitat improvement • Continue constructing fish attractor sites on the lake using spider blocks. • Consult with OG&E, the lake’s owner, about the possibility of conducting an aquatic vegetation management project to improve forage availability and predator species’ growth rates. 4. Regulations • Maintain the current creel limit of 6 bass/day with only one over 22 inches in length. If necessary, make adjustments to these regulations to improve the size structure of the population to achieve desired catch rates for different size-classes of bass. • Maintain the current creel limit of 20 striped bass, striped bass x white bass hybrids and white bass combined per day of which only 5 can be >20 inches in length and, if necessary, make adjustments to the regulation to better manage the population. Table 1. Species, number and size of fish stocked in Konawa Lake, 1988 - 2007. DATE SPECIES NUMBER SIZE 1988 Striped bass hybrid 16,540 fingerlings Intergrade Florida LMB 27,186 fingerlings 1989 Certified Florida LMB 30,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,000 fingerlings 1990 Striped bass hybrid 14,000 fingerlings Certified Florida LMB 32,105 fingerlings 1991 Striped bass hybrid 13,590 fingerlings Certified Florida LMB 7,000 fingerlings 1992 Striped bass hybrid 13,600 fingerlings 1993 Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1994 Certified Florida LMB 3,080 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,750 fingerlings 1995 Certified Florida LMB 27,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1996 Certified Florida LMB 27,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 16,000 fingerlings 1997 Certified Florida LMB 26,860 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1998 Florida LMB 28,416 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,650 fingerlings 1999 Florida LMB 27,600 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 14,400 fingerlings 2000 Florida LMB 27,400 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 15,000 fingerlings 2001 Florida LMB 27,405 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,805 fingerlings 2002 Striped bass hybrid 15,000 fingerlings 2003 Florida LMB 27,040 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 15,625 fingerlings 2004 Striped bass hybrid 14,400 fingerlings 2005 Florida LMB 26,560 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 14,620 fingerlings Blue catfish 6,336 fingerlings 2007 Striped bass hybrid 13,950 fingerlings Table 2. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of largemouth bass collected by spring electrofishing from Konawa Lake (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2009). Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 8-12 12 14 21 inches inches inches inches inches (40) (15-45) (15-30) (15) (10) (2) Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1981 128 42.7 10.7 84 14.7 84 17.3 91 6.7 -- 1985 176 54.2 3.4 83 24.6 88 26.2 88 16.3 -- 1987 357 89.3 5.7 93 31.2 92 52.2 87 19.2 89 3.0 95 1988 316 90.3 3.4 93 14.9 87 72.0 85 24.9 84 0.6 76 1989 555 170.8 20.3 105 36.6 96 113.8 93 56.3 93 2.8 99 1990 545 218.0 19.2 77 48.0 90 150.8 87 55.2 86 2.4 97 1991 447 162.5 41.1 89 28.4 89 93.1 85 33.5 85 1.5 103 1992 417 208.5 37.5 83 72.0 87 99.0 86 33.5 84 0.0 -- 1993 424 242.3 62.9 92 49.7 90 129.7 88 49.7 87 1.7 96 1994 449 224.5 30.5 96 26.5 90 167.5 85 82.5 84 4.5 89 1995 684 210.5 35.4 89 51.1 86 124.0 83 46.5 81 0.6 94 1996 317 211.3 20.7 80 35.3 83 155.3 85 78.0 84 5.3 95 1997 511 185.8 13.8 81 19.6 88 152.4 85 93.5 84 2.9 88 1998 414 207.0 37.0 84 35.0 85 135.0 83 81.0 81 2.0 92 1999 447 198.7 60.0 79 38.2 83 100.4 84 53.8 84 1.3 82 2000 376 188.0 41.0 87 22.0 92 125.0 84 83.5 83 5.0 85 2001 515 228.9 64.4 90 65.3 88 99.1 86 45.8 84 0.9 91 2002 471 209.3 49.8 84 54.2 90 105.3 85 41.8 84 0.9 83 2003 905 201.1 34.9 91 26.0 89 140.7 86 54.7 83 0.2 85 2004 763 169.6 32.4 91 43.8 93 94.4 89 43.3 88 0.2 90 2005 640 150.6 37.4 93 23.3 94 90.4 88 33.4 86 0.2 108 2006 592 131.6 15.8 93 29.8 95 86.9 95 48.4 94 0.2 96 2007 834 185.3 29.5 94 32.4 96 123.3 88 69.1 86 2.2 89 2008 441 155.5 34.9 -- 57.5 -- 64.1 -- 27.2 -- 0.0 -- 2009 701 155.8 8.9 95 17.1 96 129.8 92 69.8 89 2.0 61 Table 3. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of white bass collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 inches 8-12 inches 12 inches (4.8) (1.2) (1.3-7.2) (2.4) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 50 5.28 .00 -- 1.2 4.08 1979 68 12.96 .00 -- 2.64 10.32 1981 29 5.52 .00 -- 1.44 4.08 1982 29 5.52 .00 -- .00 -- 5.52 96 1984 22 4.32 .00 -- 0.72 111 3.36 108 1985 73 13.44 0.48 98 11.28 97 2.16 97 1986 45 9.12 .00 -- 1.92 96 6.96 99 1987 43 8.4 .00 -- 0.96 106 7.44 99 1988 10 2.16 .00 -- .00 -- 2.16 113 1989 12 2.4 .00 -- 0.24 117 2.16 101 1990 17 3.36 .00 -- 2.16 103 1.2 91 1991 20 4.08 .00 -- 1.44 104 2.64 101 1992 11 2.16 .00 -- 1.68 105 0.72 101 1993 23 4.56 .00 -- 0.72 113 4.08 101 1994 63 12.72 .00 -- 0.72 89 12.0 88 1995 56 13.92 5.52 84 3.6 78 5.04 84 1996 19 4.32 0.24 88 .00 -- 4.08 91 1998 49 11.04 1.44 71 5.04 78 4.8 82 2000 31 7.2 .00 -- 0.24 98 6.96 97 2002 21 4.32 .00 -- 2.16 88 1.92 88 2004 55 6.24 0.96 73 3.6 88 1.68 83 2006 145 17.76 0.24 89 4.32 89 13.2 88 2008 54 6.0 .00 -- 2.16 100 3.84 99 Table 4. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of striped bass x white bass hybrids collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 inches 12-20 inches 20 inches (2.4) (0.72) (1.2) (0.48) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1979 4 0.72 .00 -- 0.72 .00 -- 1981 7 1.44 .00 -- 0.48 0.96 1982 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1984 29 5.52 2.88 93 2.64 92 .00 -- 1985 45 8.64 4.08 87 4.56 91 .00 -- 1986 56 11.28 1.2 89 8.88 91 1.2 86 1987 14 2.64 .00 -- 2.64 92 0.24 85 1988 15 3.36 1.44 102 0.48 102 1.68 98 1989 5 0.96 0.24 106 0.72 98 .00 -- 1990 12 2.4 1.68 97 0.72 91 .00 -- 1991 11 2.16 .00 -- 2.16 95 .00 -- 1992 31 6.0 3.12 98 2.64 97 0.48 95 1993 29 5.76 0.48 97 4.32 95 0.72 87 1994 14 2.88 0.24 86 1.68 92 0.96 75 1995 12 3.12 1.92 76 0.96 80 .00 -- 1996 16 3.6 0.48 101 2.88 90 0.48 91 1998 55 12.48 0.96 75 10.56 78 0.96 91 2000 57 13.2 6.72 97 5.76 90 0.72 78 2002 39 7.92 1.2 105 5.76 83 0.72 75 2004 20 2.4 0.72 76 1.2 79 0.48 75 2006 62 7.44 0.24 92 6.48 86 0.96 81 2008 108 12.0 3.36 97 7.2 95 1.44 85 Table 5. Mean length (inches) at age of striped bass hybrids collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. _________________________________________________________________ Year Age 0 Age 1 Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 ______________________________________________________________ 2002 9.5 13.9 17.0 18.9 20.5 24.0 Table 6. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of channel catfish collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 inches 12 inches 16 inches (4.8) (2.4) (2.4) (1.2) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1979 92 17.76 7.92 9.84 5.76 1981 61 11.52 4.8 4.8 1.2 1982 83 15.84 8.4 89 7.44 87 2.4 104 1984 102 19.68 11.04 92 8.64 81 1.92 94 1985 75 14.4 12.72 95 1.68 98 0.48 116 1986 77 15.6 13.68 74 1.92 90 0.24 135 1987 42 8.16 7.68 87 0.48 87 0.24 104 1988 203 45.84 22.8 86 23.04 87 2.88 100 1989 76 14.88 7.92 83 6.72 88 1.68 95 1990 68 13.44 7.44 81 6.0 84 2.16 93 1991 81 16.32 13.2 81 3.12 90 1.68 101 1992 67 13.2 6.96 83 6.24 85 2.4 92 1993 48 9.6 4.56 82 5.04 84 1.68 93 1994 55 11.04 4.32 78 6.72 82 3.36 87 1995 56 13.92 3.36 79 10.8 80 1.68 86 1996 81 18.72 5.04 81 13.68 83 5.04 88 1998 78 17.76 6.48 71 11.04 79 5.04 86 2000 78 18.0 9.84 82 8.16 81 3.36 86 2002 130 25.92 13.44 79 12.72 82 8.16 85 2004 154 17.04 6.0 77 11.04 81 4.08 86 2006 114 13.68 0.24 83 13.44 84 5.28 90 2008 199 22.08 9.6 82 12.24 83 8.16 84 Table 7. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of flathead catfish collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake . Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 12 20 24 28 inches inches inches inches inches ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f W r C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 3 .01 1981 1 .01 1982 2 .02 1984 2 .02 .01 -- .01 99 .01 99 .00 -- .00 -- 1985 1 .01 .00 -- .01 107 .01 107 .00 -- .00 -- 1986 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1987 1 .01 .00 -- .01 94 .01 94 .00 -- .00 -- 1988 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1989 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1990 3 .03 .00 -- .02 88 .02 85 .01 89 .00 -- 1991 1 .01 .00 -- .01 86 .01 86 .01 86 .00 -- 1992 2 .02 .00 -- .02 94 .02 94 .01 87 .00 -- 1993 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1994 3 .02 .00 -- .02 115 .02 115 .02 115 .02 114 1995 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1996 5 .05 .00 -- .05 88 .05 88 .03 83 .02 83 1998 1 .01 .00 -- .01 89 .01 89 .01 89 .00 -- 2000 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 2002 4 .03 .00 -- .03 86 .03 86 .02 82 .01 88 2004 4 .02 .00 -- .02 81 .02 81 .02 81 .01 83 2006 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 2008 3 .01 .00 -- .01 99 .01 92 .00 -- .00 -- Table 8. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of crappie collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 inches 8inches 10 inches (4.8) (1.2-7.2) (1.92) (0.96) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 3 0.24 1979 1 0.24 1981 0 0.00 1982 0 0.00 1984 0 0.00 1985 0 0.00 1986 0 0.00 1987 0 0.00 1988 0 0.00 1989 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 119 0.24 119 1990 0 0.00 1991 2 0.48 .00 -- 0.48 111 0.48 111 1992 2 0.48 0.24 126 0.24 119 0.00 -- 1993 4 0.72 0.00 -- 0.72 110 0.72 110 1994 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 106 0.24 106 1995 2 0.48 0.00 -- 0.48 97 0.24 95 1996 4 0.96 0.00 -- 0.96 114 0.72 115 1998 0 0.00 2000 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 115 0.24 115 2002 0 0.00 2004 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 102 0.00 -- 2006 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 101 0.24 101 2008 3 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 111 0.24 111 Table 9. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of gizzard shad collected by spring electrofishing (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2008), gill netting, and seining from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Spring Electrofishing Gill Netting Seining Total <8 inches Total <8 inches Age 0 (40) (20) (4.8) (2.4) - Year No. C/f C/f Wr No. C/f C/f Wr No. C/f 1985 16 7.1 2.2 107 23 4.32 1.44 107 0 .00 1986 49 9.84 7.92 94 1 .09 1987 19 4.7 2.7 107 84 16.32 5.76 -- 0 .00 1988 16 4.6 2.0 115 25 5.76 1.2 82 0 .00 1989 64 19.7 .6 107 51 9.84 0.48 89 0 .00 1990 9 4.0 2.2 -- 45 8.88 0.48 101 0 .00 1991 37 13.5 5.5 84 61 12.24 0.48 85 0 .00 1992 108 61.7 8.0 84 35 6.96 .00 -- 1993 44 29.3 16.0 85 50 10.08 3.84 -- 1994 6 4.8 0.0 -- 42 8.4 0.24 90 1995 47 15.7 0.0 -- 78 19.44 5.52 95 1996 0 0.0 0.0 -- 61 14.16 1.92 99 1997 6 4.0 0.0 -- 1998 4 2.0 0.0 -- 77 17.52 2.88 86 1999 15 6.7 0.0 -- 2000 16 12.8 0.0 -- 78 18.0 2.64 82 2001 127 63.5 0.0 -- 2002 123 164.0 0.0 -- 32 6.48 0.24 -- 2004 53 6.0 .00 -- 2006 250 30.24 12.96 -- 2008 100 11.04 0.72 -- Table 10. Total number (No.) and catch rates (C/f) of threadfin shad and silversides collected by spring electrofishing (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2008), gill netting, and seining from Konawa Lake. Threadfin shad Silversides Total1 Total2 Total3 Total3 Year No. C/f No. C/f No. C/f No. C/f 1985 196 87.1 0 .00 1 .09 1518 130.9 1986 0 .00 0 .00 3029 261.1 1987 200 50.0 4 0.72 0 .00 8034 692.6 1988 50 14.3 0 .00 0 .00 2841 244.9 1989 685 210.8 0 .00 6 .52 7028 605.9 1990 200 88.9 5 0.96 0 .00 3394 292.6 1991 60 21.8 7 1.44 0 .00 7020 605.2 1992 5 2.9 8 1.68 1993 91 60.7 9 1.92 1994 119 95.2 0 .00 1995 206 68.7 104 25.92 1996 91 72.8 3 0.72 1997 1077 718.0 1998 50 25.0 118 26.64 1999 19 8.4 2000 137 109.6 2001 165 82.5 2002 162 216.0 2 0.48 2004 50 5.04 2006 543 65.28 2008 16 1.92 1 Spring electrofishing 2 Gill netting 3 Seining Figure 1. Konawa Lake Figure 2. Largemouth bass catch per hour (C/f) by electrofishing in Konawa Lake 1989 – 2009. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Catch per hour (C/f) Total >14" <8" 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <8" >12" Figure 3. White bass catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1978 – 2008. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >20" Figure 4. Striped bass x white bass hybrid catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1979 – 2008. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >16" Figure 5. Channel catfish catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1979 – 2008. 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >20" Figure 6. Flathead catfish catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1984 – 2008. 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <8" >10" Figure 7. White crappie catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1989 – 2008. Konawa "! 39 "! 39 "! 99 "! 99 (/ 377 (/ 377 Gillneting Gillnetting Gillnetting Gillnet ting Gillnetting Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro N W E S Konawa Lake sampling sites Figure 8. Sampling sites on Konawa Lake.
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Okla State Agency |
Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma Department of |
Okla Agency Code | '320' |
Title | Konawa Lake 5 year lake management plan |
Authors |
Oklahoma. Department of Wildlife Conservation. Bowen, Danny. |
Publisher | Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation |
Publication Date | 2010-06-01 |
Publication type | Planning Document |
Subject | Fishery management--Oklahoma--Konawa, Lake. |
Contents | Background; History of fishery; Threats to fishery; Management Objectives; * Sampling goals by species; * Strategies to achieve sampling goals |
OkDocs Class# | W2800.3 K82m 2010 |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: http://129.15.97.19/odwc/Konawa%20Lake%20Management%20Plan%202010.pdf |
Rights and Permissions | This Oklahoma state government publication is provided for educational purposes under U.S. copyright law. Other usage requires permission of copyright holders. |
Language | English |
Full text | KONAWA LAKE 5 YEAR LAKE MANAGEMENT PLAN OKLAHOMA DEPTMENT OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION FISHERIES DIVISION CENTRAL REGION PREPARED BY: DANNY BOWEN JUNE 1, 2010 Background Konawa Lake impounds Jumper Creek 2 miles east of the city Konawa in Seminole County, Oklahoma (Figure l). It covers 1350 surface acres. Construction began in 1968 and was completed in 1970. The lake is owned by Oklahoma Gas and Electric Company. This lake serves as the cooling water source for a gas-fired power generation station; therefore water temperatures are higher year-round than in most other lakes in the state. The station has three natural gas powered steam-turbine generators and a gas turbine generator producing approximately 1,534 megawatts at peak output capacity. The station circulates 1,000,000 gallons of lake water per minute through its’ cooling condensers when the three main generators are on-line. Konawa Lake has a mean depth of 17 feet and a maximum depth of 49.8 feet, a shoreline development ratio of 3.5, and a secchi disc visibility of around 37.4 inches in the main pool in August. Turbidity is from plankton. The lake has a shoreline length of 20 miles and a storage capacity of 23,000 acre-feet. It has large stretches of shoreline covered by cattails while most of the remainder is eroded clay banks. Ten fish attractor sites consisting of artificial habitat structures made from polyethylene pipe called “spider blocks” have been installed by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation (ODWC) recently. Normal pool elevation is 924 feet MSL (above Mean Sea Level). Lake levels are maintained by pumping water from the nearby South Canadian River into settling ponds on the south side of the lake which are then allowed to gravity flow into the lake. Fish habitat consists primarily of aquatic vegetation. The dam is located at latitude N 340 57’ 42” and longitude W 960 42’ 6”. The trophic state of the reservoir measured by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board (OWRB) using Carlson’s Trophic State Index (TSI, chlorophyll-a) averaged 53 in 2005 indicating high levels of primary productivity and nutrients. The OWRB also found the lake to be weakly stratified thermally during the late spring and summer months but was still considered supporting the Fish and Wildlife Propagation (FWP) use for dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. Salinity and specific conductivity levels (0.66-0.74 parts per thousand and 1234-1428 microsiemens per cubic centimeter, respectively) were both above the normal ranges found in Oklahoma lakes. With pH levels ranging from 7.29-8.7 the lake was found to be neutral to slightly alkaline. The OWRB also found the lake’s water clarity to be good to excellent compared to other Oklahoma reservoirs. Wind direction is primarily from the south to southeast with an average annual speed of 7.1 mph. Maximum gusts recorded in Seminole county were 55.8 mph and maximum sustained winds were recorded at 35.5 mph. The winds and a fairly exposed shoreline contribute to the eroded clay banks found around the lake. A major change in the lake began in the late 1980’s when power generation at the plant during the winter was reduced, leading to lower winter water temperatures which had a major impact on the threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) and tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) populations. The reduced survival of these prey species has had considerable impact on the predator fish populations. Tilapia have not been collected in several years. History of fishery Major sport fish species present in Konawa Lake include largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), white bass (Morone chrysops), striped bass x white bass hybrids (M. saxatilis x M. chrysops) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). For many years, the largemouth bass fishery in the lake has been characterized by high abundance of all size-classes (Table 2). Konawa Lake regularly ranks at or near the top for spring electrofishing catch rate among lakes over 1,000 acres surveyed by the ODWC. In the last 10 years, catch per hour (C/f) has declined from 228.9 in 2001 to 131.6 in 2006 but has been more stable the last few years (Table 2, Figure 2). Florida strain largemouth bass have been stocked in the lake since 1973 (Table 1). The most recent electrophoresis results (2006) indicated 74% of the bass sampled during spring electrofishing were pure Florida strain largemouth bass. It appears that the population has become totally integrated as no pure northern strain bass have been collected in recent samples. Konawa Lake has been managed as a trophy bass fishery since January 1, 1994. At that time a 14-inch minimum length limit was changed to a 16-22 inch slot length limit and 6 bass per day creel limit of which only one bass could be over 22 inches. This regulation was modified on January 1, 2003 to 6 bass per day with no length limit except only one can be 22 inches or longer due to stockpiling of bass 12 to 16 inches long and variable catch rates of trophy-size bass. Largemouth Bass Virus (LMBV) was found in the lake in 2001 and unconfirmed reports of bass dying were received from the public. There was a marked drop in the catch rate of trophy bass following the disease outbreak. It has taken several years for it to recover to pre-LMBV levels (Table 2). White bass catch rates in gill netting at Konawa Lake have varied in recent years (Table 3). Catch per net set has ranged from a low of 4.3 (2002) to a high of 17.8 (2006) over the last ten years. The catch per net set for quality-size white bass (>12 inches) has also been variable during the same time period but overall has been above the minimum desired level (Table 3, Figure 3). Striped bass x white bass hybrids were first stocked in the lake in 1979 and were stocked annually from 1988 through 2007 (Table 1). Over the last ten years, catch per net set has varied from 2.4 in 2004 to 13.2 in 2000 and was 12.0 in the 2008 gillnet survey (Table 4). The catch per net set for hybrids greater than 20 inches in length has remained at or above the minimum acceptable catch rate for a quality fishery (0.48/net set; Table 4). Growth is good the first two years of life, and then slows down when hybrids reach the size where they’re competing with the stockpiled largemouth bass population. Growth improves again when they exceed the 17 to 20 inch size range (Table 5). A creel limit of 20 striped bass, striped bass x white bass hybrids, and/or white bass per day of which only 5 may be >20 inches in length is in effect to prevent over-harvest. The hybrid fishery is good overall and the catch rate for trophy-size hybrids has been steadily improving since 2004 (Figure 4). Channel catfish catch rates in gill netting at Konawa Lake continue to be high for all size classes (Table 6, Figure 5). The catch per net set for quality-size individuals (>16 inches) in 2008 gill netting (8.16/ net set) was more than six times the minimum acceptable rate for a quality fishery (>1.2/net set; Table 5). Flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) are present in the lake at very low population levels. Very few have been collected in gill netting (Table 7, Figure 6). Crappie (Pomoxis spp.) had virtually disappeared from this lake in past years, probably due to elevated water temperatures. However, a few have been collected in recent surveys perhaps because of lower water temperatures due to a decrease in power generation (Table 8, Figure 7). The abundance of threadfin shad in the lake has decreased since the 1980’s due to lower winter water temperatures from reduced wintertime power generation. This has impacted all the predatory fish species in the lake. During the 1970’s and 1980’s the threadfin were so abundant that the ODWC used Konawa Lake as a source for threadfin shad brooders to stock in other waters of the state. Due to the reduction in threadfin shad abundance and the fact that LMBV was found in the lake, Konawa Lake is no longer used for this purpose. It is not known if LMBV can be carried by threadfin shad or can be transported in hauling water, but the risks outweighed the benefits and the transport of Konawa threadfin shad to other reservoirs was discontinued. Threats to fishery • Aquatic Nuisance Species (ANS) – Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussels (Dreissena rostiformis bugensis) can be transported on boats and trailers moving from infested waters. Konawa is a popular winter time fishery due to warmer water temperatures from power generation and an abundant bass population. Anglers from around the state traveling to the lake pose a significant risk of transporting these organisms unless precautions are taken. Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) also represent potential problems as water levels in the lake are maintained by water pumped in from the nearby South Canadian river. Grass carp have been found in Eufaula Lake, approximately 83 miles downstream. Tilapia were a problem in the lake during the 1980’s but have not been collected during subsequent sampling. Golden algae (Prymnesium parvum) is another threat that has caused large fish kills in Lake Texoma and several reservoirs in Texas. It has been found in the South Canadian river downstream of Lake Meredith in the Texas panhandle. Konawa Lake’s water conditions are very similar to lakes that have had outbreaks. Eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) is found in the lake but has not become a nuisance, being outcompeted in most areas by native species. However, hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) has been found in nearby Arbuckle Lake, and is considered a very real threat to Konawa Lake through boat and/or trailer introduction from anglers who fish weekly jackpot tournaments at both lakes. • Economics – The high productivity of Konawa Lake is due in large part to the use of its water to cool the Seminole Power Plant. Economic factors that might cause a shutdown or scaling back of electric generation at this facility, like high wintertime natural gas costs, will have serious impacts on the fishery, particularly as it affects the threadfin shad which are the main food base for the lake’s predator fish populations. Management Objectives Sampling goals by species • Largemouth bass – Maintain the catch rate for largemouth bass at or above 130/hr with a catch rate of bass >21 inches exceeding 3/hr. • Conduct spring electrofishing surveys at least bi-annually to monitor progress. Collect age and growth data and evaluate Florida largemouth bass stocking success by collecting fish periodically for genetic analysis. • White bass - Continue periodic monitoring of the white bass population with gillnetting surveys and collect age and growth data. • Striped bass x white bass hybrids – Maintain a reduced total catch rate of 2.0/gillnet set and conduct netting surveys every 2-3 years to monitor stocking success and to collect age and growth information. Adjust stocking frequency and/or rate if necessary to maintain satisfactory predator growth rates. • Channel catfish - Maintain a catch rate of 4.8/net set of gill netting and conduct gillnetting surveys every 3-5 years to monitor population status. Strategies to achieve sampling goals 1. Stockings • Continue alternate or every third year stockings of Florida-strain largemouth bass to maintain a high percentage of pure Florida largemouth bass in the bass population. • Reduce stockings of striped bass x white bass hybrids to every three to four years to reduce competitive interactions with largemouth bass and improve growth rates for both hybrids and largemouth. 2. Surveys • Monitor the largemouth bass population with bi-annual electrofishing surveys collecting samples for genetic evaluation and age and growth data. • Monitor the striped bass x white bass hybrid population with periodic gill netting and collect age and growth information. • Conduct shad gill netting to evaluate the forage base in the lake and its effects on the predator fish populations. 3. Habitat improvement • Continue constructing fish attractor sites on the lake using spider blocks. • Consult with OG&E, the lake’s owner, about the possibility of conducting an aquatic vegetation management project to improve forage availability and predator species’ growth rates. 4. Regulations • Maintain the current creel limit of 6 bass/day with only one over 22 inches in length. If necessary, make adjustments to these regulations to improve the size structure of the population to achieve desired catch rates for different size-classes of bass. • Maintain the current creel limit of 20 striped bass, striped bass x white bass hybrids and white bass combined per day of which only 5 can be >20 inches in length and, if necessary, make adjustments to the regulation to better manage the population. Table 1. Species, number and size of fish stocked in Konawa Lake, 1988 - 2007. DATE SPECIES NUMBER SIZE 1988 Striped bass hybrid 16,540 fingerlings Intergrade Florida LMB 27,186 fingerlings 1989 Certified Florida LMB 30,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,000 fingerlings 1990 Striped bass hybrid 14,000 fingerlings Certified Florida LMB 32,105 fingerlings 1991 Striped bass hybrid 13,590 fingerlings Certified Florida LMB 7,000 fingerlings 1992 Striped bass hybrid 13,600 fingerlings 1993 Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1994 Certified Florida LMB 3,080 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,750 fingerlings 1995 Certified Florida LMB 27,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1996 Certified Florida LMB 27,000 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 16,000 fingerlings 1997 Certified Florida LMB 26,860 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,500 fingerlings 1998 Florida LMB 28,416 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,650 fingerlings 1999 Florida LMB 27,600 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 14,400 fingerlings 2000 Florida LMB 27,400 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 15,000 fingerlings 2001 Florida LMB 27,405 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 13,805 fingerlings 2002 Striped bass hybrid 15,000 fingerlings 2003 Florida LMB 27,040 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 15,625 fingerlings 2004 Striped bass hybrid 14,400 fingerlings 2005 Florida LMB 26,560 fingerlings Striped bass hybrid 14,620 fingerlings Blue catfish 6,336 fingerlings 2007 Striped bass hybrid 13,950 fingerlings Table 2. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of largemouth bass collected by spring electrofishing from Konawa Lake (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2009). Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 8-12 12 14 21 inches inches inches inches inches (40) (15-45) (15-30) (15) (10) (2) Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1981 128 42.7 10.7 84 14.7 84 17.3 91 6.7 -- 1985 176 54.2 3.4 83 24.6 88 26.2 88 16.3 -- 1987 357 89.3 5.7 93 31.2 92 52.2 87 19.2 89 3.0 95 1988 316 90.3 3.4 93 14.9 87 72.0 85 24.9 84 0.6 76 1989 555 170.8 20.3 105 36.6 96 113.8 93 56.3 93 2.8 99 1990 545 218.0 19.2 77 48.0 90 150.8 87 55.2 86 2.4 97 1991 447 162.5 41.1 89 28.4 89 93.1 85 33.5 85 1.5 103 1992 417 208.5 37.5 83 72.0 87 99.0 86 33.5 84 0.0 -- 1993 424 242.3 62.9 92 49.7 90 129.7 88 49.7 87 1.7 96 1994 449 224.5 30.5 96 26.5 90 167.5 85 82.5 84 4.5 89 1995 684 210.5 35.4 89 51.1 86 124.0 83 46.5 81 0.6 94 1996 317 211.3 20.7 80 35.3 83 155.3 85 78.0 84 5.3 95 1997 511 185.8 13.8 81 19.6 88 152.4 85 93.5 84 2.9 88 1998 414 207.0 37.0 84 35.0 85 135.0 83 81.0 81 2.0 92 1999 447 198.7 60.0 79 38.2 83 100.4 84 53.8 84 1.3 82 2000 376 188.0 41.0 87 22.0 92 125.0 84 83.5 83 5.0 85 2001 515 228.9 64.4 90 65.3 88 99.1 86 45.8 84 0.9 91 2002 471 209.3 49.8 84 54.2 90 105.3 85 41.8 84 0.9 83 2003 905 201.1 34.9 91 26.0 89 140.7 86 54.7 83 0.2 85 2004 763 169.6 32.4 91 43.8 93 94.4 89 43.3 88 0.2 90 2005 640 150.6 37.4 93 23.3 94 90.4 88 33.4 86 0.2 108 2006 592 131.6 15.8 93 29.8 95 86.9 95 48.4 94 0.2 96 2007 834 185.3 29.5 94 32.4 96 123.3 88 69.1 86 2.2 89 2008 441 155.5 34.9 -- 57.5 -- 64.1 -- 27.2 -- 0.0 -- 2009 701 155.8 8.9 95 17.1 96 129.8 92 69.8 89 2.0 61 Table 3. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of white bass collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 inches 8-12 inches 12 inches (4.8) (1.2) (1.3-7.2) (2.4) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 50 5.28 .00 -- 1.2 4.08 1979 68 12.96 .00 -- 2.64 10.32 1981 29 5.52 .00 -- 1.44 4.08 1982 29 5.52 .00 -- .00 -- 5.52 96 1984 22 4.32 .00 -- 0.72 111 3.36 108 1985 73 13.44 0.48 98 11.28 97 2.16 97 1986 45 9.12 .00 -- 1.92 96 6.96 99 1987 43 8.4 .00 -- 0.96 106 7.44 99 1988 10 2.16 .00 -- .00 -- 2.16 113 1989 12 2.4 .00 -- 0.24 117 2.16 101 1990 17 3.36 .00 -- 2.16 103 1.2 91 1991 20 4.08 .00 -- 1.44 104 2.64 101 1992 11 2.16 .00 -- 1.68 105 0.72 101 1993 23 4.56 .00 -- 0.72 113 4.08 101 1994 63 12.72 .00 -- 0.72 89 12.0 88 1995 56 13.92 5.52 84 3.6 78 5.04 84 1996 19 4.32 0.24 88 .00 -- 4.08 91 1998 49 11.04 1.44 71 5.04 78 4.8 82 2000 31 7.2 .00 -- 0.24 98 6.96 97 2002 21 4.32 .00 -- 2.16 88 1.92 88 2004 55 6.24 0.96 73 3.6 88 1.68 83 2006 145 17.76 0.24 89 4.32 89 13.2 88 2008 54 6.0 .00 -- 2.16 100 3.84 99 Table 4. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of striped bass x white bass hybrids collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 inches 12-20 inches 20 inches (2.4) (0.72) (1.2) (0.48) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1979 4 0.72 .00 -- 0.72 .00 -- 1981 7 1.44 .00 -- 0.48 0.96 1982 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1984 29 5.52 2.88 93 2.64 92 .00 -- 1985 45 8.64 4.08 87 4.56 91 .00 -- 1986 56 11.28 1.2 89 8.88 91 1.2 86 1987 14 2.64 .00 -- 2.64 92 0.24 85 1988 15 3.36 1.44 102 0.48 102 1.68 98 1989 5 0.96 0.24 106 0.72 98 .00 -- 1990 12 2.4 1.68 97 0.72 91 .00 -- 1991 11 2.16 .00 -- 2.16 95 .00 -- 1992 31 6.0 3.12 98 2.64 97 0.48 95 1993 29 5.76 0.48 97 4.32 95 0.72 87 1994 14 2.88 0.24 86 1.68 92 0.96 75 1995 12 3.12 1.92 76 0.96 80 .00 -- 1996 16 3.6 0.48 101 2.88 90 0.48 91 1998 55 12.48 0.96 75 10.56 78 0.96 91 2000 57 13.2 6.72 97 5.76 90 0.72 78 2002 39 7.92 1.2 105 5.76 83 0.72 75 2004 20 2.4 0.72 76 1.2 79 0.48 75 2006 62 7.44 0.24 92 6.48 86 0.96 81 2008 108 12.0 3.36 97 7.2 95 1.44 85 Table 5. Mean length (inches) at age of striped bass hybrids collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. _________________________________________________________________ Year Age 0 Age 1 Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 ______________________________________________________________ 2002 9.5 13.9 17.0 18.9 20.5 24.0 Table 6. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of channel catfish collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 inches 12 inches 16 inches (4.8) (2.4) (2.4) (1.2) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1979 92 17.76 7.92 9.84 5.76 1981 61 11.52 4.8 4.8 1.2 1982 83 15.84 8.4 89 7.44 87 2.4 104 1984 102 19.68 11.04 92 8.64 81 1.92 94 1985 75 14.4 12.72 95 1.68 98 0.48 116 1986 77 15.6 13.68 74 1.92 90 0.24 135 1987 42 8.16 7.68 87 0.48 87 0.24 104 1988 203 45.84 22.8 86 23.04 87 2.88 100 1989 76 14.88 7.92 83 6.72 88 1.68 95 1990 68 13.44 7.44 81 6.0 84 2.16 93 1991 81 16.32 13.2 81 3.12 90 1.68 101 1992 67 13.2 6.96 83 6.24 85 2.4 92 1993 48 9.6 4.56 82 5.04 84 1.68 93 1994 55 11.04 4.32 78 6.72 82 3.36 87 1995 56 13.92 3.36 79 10.8 80 1.68 86 1996 81 18.72 5.04 81 13.68 83 5.04 88 1998 78 17.76 6.48 71 11.04 79 5.04 86 2000 78 18.0 9.84 82 8.16 81 3.36 86 2002 130 25.92 13.44 79 12.72 82 8.16 85 2004 154 17.04 6.0 77 11.04 81 4.08 86 2006 114 13.68 0.24 83 13.44 84 5.28 90 2008 199 22.08 9.6 82 12.24 83 8.16 84 Table 7. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of flathead catfish collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake . Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <12 12 20 24 28 inches inches inches inches inches ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f W r C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 3 .01 1981 1 .01 1982 2 .02 1984 2 .02 .01 -- .01 99 .01 99 .00 -- .00 -- 1985 1 .01 .00 -- .01 107 .01 107 .00 -- .00 -- 1986 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1987 1 .01 .00 -- .01 94 .01 94 .00 -- .00 -- 1988 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1989 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1990 3 .03 .00 -- .02 88 .02 85 .01 89 .00 -- 1991 1 .01 .00 -- .01 86 .01 86 .01 86 .00 -- 1992 2 .02 .00 -- .02 94 .02 94 .01 87 .00 -- 1993 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1994 3 .02 .00 -- .02 115 .02 115 .02 115 .02 114 1995 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 1996 5 .05 .00 -- .05 88 .05 88 .03 83 .02 83 1998 1 .01 .00 -- .01 89 .01 89 .01 89 .00 -- 2000 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 2002 4 .03 .00 -- .03 86 .03 86 .02 82 .01 88 2004 4 .02 .00 -- .02 81 .02 81 .02 81 .01 83 2006 0 .00 .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- .00 -- 2008 3 .01 .00 -- .01 99 .01 92 .00 -- .00 -- Table 8. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of crappie collected by gill netting from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Total <8 inches 8inches 10 inches (4.8) (1.2-7.2) (1.92) (0.96) ________________________________________________________________ Year No. C/f C/f Wr C/f Wr C/f Wr 1978 3 0.24 1979 1 0.24 1981 0 0.00 1982 0 0.00 1984 0 0.00 1985 0 0.00 1986 0 0.00 1987 0 0.00 1988 0 0.00 1989 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 119 0.24 119 1990 0 0.00 1991 2 0.48 .00 -- 0.48 111 0.48 111 1992 2 0.48 0.24 126 0.24 119 0.00 -- 1993 4 0.72 0.00 -- 0.72 110 0.72 110 1994 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 106 0.24 106 1995 2 0.48 0.00 -- 0.48 97 0.24 95 1996 4 0.96 0.00 -- 0.96 114 0.72 115 1998 0 0.00 2000 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 115 0.24 115 2002 0 0.00 2004 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 102 0.00 -- 2006 1 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 101 0.24 101 2008 3 0.24 0.00 -- 0.24 111 0.24 111 Table 9. Total number (No.), catch rates (C/f), and relative weights (Wr) by size groups of gizzard shad collected by spring electrofishing (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2008), gill netting, and seining from Konawa Lake. Numbers in parentheses represent acceptable C/f values for a quality fishery. Acceptable Wr values are 90. Spring Electrofishing Gill Netting Seining Total <8 inches Total <8 inches Age 0 (40) (20) (4.8) (2.4) - Year No. C/f C/f Wr No. C/f C/f Wr No. C/f 1985 16 7.1 2.2 107 23 4.32 1.44 107 0 .00 1986 49 9.84 7.92 94 1 .09 1987 19 4.7 2.7 107 84 16.32 5.76 -- 0 .00 1988 16 4.6 2.0 115 25 5.76 1.2 82 0 .00 1989 64 19.7 .6 107 51 9.84 0.48 89 0 .00 1990 9 4.0 2.2 -- 45 8.88 0.48 101 0 .00 1991 37 13.5 5.5 84 61 12.24 0.48 85 0 .00 1992 108 61.7 8.0 84 35 6.96 .00 -- 1993 44 29.3 16.0 85 50 10.08 3.84 -- 1994 6 4.8 0.0 -- 42 8.4 0.24 90 1995 47 15.7 0.0 -- 78 19.44 5.52 95 1996 0 0.0 0.0 -- 61 14.16 1.92 99 1997 6 4.0 0.0 -- 1998 4 2.0 0.0 -- 77 17.52 2.88 86 1999 15 6.7 0.0 -- 2000 16 12.8 0.0 -- 78 18.0 2.64 82 2001 127 63.5 0.0 -- 2002 123 164.0 0.0 -- 32 6.48 0.24 -- 2004 53 6.0 .00 -- 2006 250 30.24 12.96 -- 2008 100 11.04 0.72 -- Table 10. Total number (No.) and catch rates (C/f) of threadfin shad and silversides collected by spring electrofishing (VVP 1980-1988; GPP 1989-2008), gill netting, and seining from Konawa Lake. Threadfin shad Silversides Total1 Total2 Total3 Total3 Year No. C/f No. C/f No. C/f No. C/f 1985 196 87.1 0 .00 1 .09 1518 130.9 1986 0 .00 0 .00 3029 261.1 1987 200 50.0 4 0.72 0 .00 8034 692.6 1988 50 14.3 0 .00 0 .00 2841 244.9 1989 685 210.8 0 .00 6 .52 7028 605.9 1990 200 88.9 5 0.96 0 .00 3394 292.6 1991 60 21.8 7 1.44 0 .00 7020 605.2 1992 5 2.9 8 1.68 1993 91 60.7 9 1.92 1994 119 95.2 0 .00 1995 206 68.7 104 25.92 1996 91 72.8 3 0.72 1997 1077 718.0 1998 50 25.0 118 26.64 1999 19 8.4 2000 137 109.6 2001 165 82.5 2002 162 216.0 2 0.48 2004 50 5.04 2006 543 65.28 2008 16 1.92 1 Spring electrofishing 2 Gill netting 3 Seining Figure 1. Konawa Lake Figure 2. Largemouth bass catch per hour (C/f) by electrofishing in Konawa Lake 1989 – 2009. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Catch per hour (C/f) Total >14" <8" 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <8" >12" Figure 3. White bass catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1978 – 2008. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >20" Figure 4. Striped bass x white bass hybrid catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1979 – 2008. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1979 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >16" Figure 5. Channel catfish catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1979 – 2008. 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <12" >20" Figure 6. Flathead catfish catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1984 – 2008. 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Catch per net set (C/f) Total <8" >10" Figure 7. White crappie catch per net set (C/f) in Konawa Lake 1989 – 2008. Konawa "! 39 "! 39 "! 99 "! 99 (/ 377 (/ 377 Gillneting Gillnetting Gillnetting Gillnet ting Gillnetting Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro Electro N W E S Konawa Lake sampling sites Figure 8. Sampling sites on Konawa Lake. |
Date created | 2011-06-09 |
Date modified | 2012-10-31 |
OCLC number | 746494153 |
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